Construction
The Civil Services
of India can be classified into two types - the All India Services and
the Central Civil Services (Group A and B). The recruits are
university graduates (or above) selected through a rigorous system of
examinations, called the Civil Services Examination (CSE) conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC).
two types of Civil
Services of India:
- All India Services (ICS)
- Central Civil Services (CCS)
All
India Civil Services (AIS)
Central
Civil Services (CCS)
Group
A[10]
|
|
Group
B[11]
All
appointments to Group B are made by the authorities specified by a general or
special order of the President.
- Indian Foreign Service, Group ‘B’ - (General Cadre, Grade I and General Cadre, Grade II only)
- Central Secretariat Service, Group 'B' (Section and Assistants’ Grade officers only)
- Indian Posts and Telegraphs Accounts and Finance Service, Group ‘B’ Telecommunication Wing.
- Indian Posts & Telegraphs Accounts & Finance Service, Postal Wing, Group ‘B’
- Indian Salt Service, Group ‘B’
- India Meteorological Service, Group ‘B'
- Central Secretariat Official Language Service, Group ‘B’
- Central Secretariat Stenographers’ Service, (Grade I, Grade II and Selection Grade officers only)
- Central Health Service, Group ‘B’
- Botanical Survey of India, Group 'B'.
- Geological Survey of India, Group 'B'.
- Geological Survey of India, Group 'B'.
- Survey of India, Group 'B'.
- Zoological Survey of India, Group 'B'.
- Central Electrical Engineering Service, Group 'B'.
- Central Engineering Service, Group 'B'.
- Central Power Engineering Service, Group ‘B’
- Postal Superintendents’ Service, Group ‘B’
- Postmasters’ Service, Group ‘B’
- Telecommunication Engineering Service, Group ‘B’
- Telegraphs Traffic Service, Group ‘B
- Central Excise Service, Group ‘B’
- Customs Appraisers Service, Group ‘B’- (Principal Appraisers and Head Appraisers)
- Customs Preventive Service, Group ‘B’ – (Chief Inspectors)
- Defence Secretariat Service
- Union Territories Administrative Service
- Union Territorries Police Service
State
Civil Services (SCS/PCS)
The State Civil
Services (also known as Provincial Civil Services) examinations and
recruitments are conducted by the individual states of India. The state civil
services deals with subjects such as land revenue, agriculture, forests,
education etc. The officers of the state civil services are recruited by
different States through the State Public Service Commissions. The categories
of services to which candidates are selected through the state civil services
(SCS) examination are as under:
- State Civil Services, Class-II (SCS)
- State Police Service, Class-II (SPS).
- State Forest Service, Class-II(SFS).
- Block Development Officer.
- Tehsildar/Talukadar/Assistant Collector.
- Excise and Taxation Officer.
- District Employment Officer.
- District Treasury Officer.
- District Welfare Officer.
- Assistant Registrar Cooperative Societies.
- District Food and Supplies Controller/Officer.
- Any other Class-I/Class-II service notified as per rules by the concerned State i. e. officers/lecturers/ assistant/associate professors/principals of Government Degree Colleges, Class I.
Employment by
Agency
Federal
Government executive branch civilian employment:
Independent
agencies:
Main
article: List of Indian agencies
- Directorate of Revenue Intelligence
- Employees' Provident Fund Organisation
- National Advisory Council
- Central Bureau of Investigation
- Intelligence Bureau
- Central Vigilance Commission
- National Security Guards
Reforms and
Changes
As of 2011, in a
duration of past three years over 450 chargesheets have been filed and a total
of 943 cases are at different stages of investigation by CBI against civil servants.[12][13]
By a corporate
consultancy firm based in Hong
Kong in 2012, Indian
bureaucracy is ranked and rated as the worst in Asia with a 9.21 rating out of 10.[14][15][16] A paper prepared in 2012 by
the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions states that corruption is prevalent
at all levels in civil services and it is institutionalized.[17][18]
On 28 November
2011, the Department of Personnel and Training (DOPT) of the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions created a proposal to retire and
remove incompetent, inefficient and unproductive All India Service officers
after 15 years of service, instead of tolerating them to superannuate at the
age of 60. FormerCabinet Secretary TSR Subramanian welcomed this move with caution
saying, "Periodical
weeding out is very good. But the process to determine who needs to be
prematurely retired should be fair and transparent. There is a possibility that
even good IAS and IPS officers may be targeted because of political
reasons,". Former UPSC chairman PC Hota echoed his sentiments remarking that, "We need drastic
remedies. The situation has become terrible. The other day an IAS officer in
Delhi was arrested for disproportionate assets of Rs.3.15 crore. She is just a
2000-batch IAS officer with 11 years of service. But at same time, the officers'
service records should be analysed before a decision against him was
taken".[19][20][21] The proposal has been accepted and
rule 16(3) of the All India Services (death-cum-retirement benefits) Rules of
1958 was amended on 31 January 2012.[19][21][22]
In order to bring
in more suitable candidates, changes in the entry level exams of All India
services conducted by UPSC were introduced in year 2011 by UPSC in Preliminary
Stage Exams. The UPSC is under consideration to change exam pattern for Mains
stage exam, by 2014.
Miscellaneous
Civil
Service Day
The Civil Service
Day is celebrated on 21 April every year.[23] The purpose for this day is to
rededicate and recommit themselves to the cause of the people. It is observed
by all Civil Services. This day gives civil servants the opportunity for
introspection and thinking about future strategies to deal with the challenges
being posed by the changing times.[24]
On this occasion,
all officers of Central and State Governments are honoured for excellence in
public administration by the Prime Minister of India. The 'Prime Minister Award for Excellence
in Public Administration' is presented in three categories. Under this scheme
of awards instituted in 2006, all the officers individually or as group or as
organization are eligible.[24]
The award includes
a medal, scroll and a cash amount of
Pasted from <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_Services_of_India>
All India Services
|
|
This article needs
additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2009)
|
The All
India Services are the three all
India Civil
Services of India, namely the Indian
Administrative Service (IAS), the Indian Police Service (IPS) & the Indian Forest Service(IFS).[1]
Recruitment to IAS & IPS is made through the Union
Public Service Commission (UPSC) on the
basis of the annual Civil Services
Examination, a competitive civil service exam.
Recruitment to the IFS is made on the basis of the Indian Forest Service
Examination, also administered by the UPSC. This is intended to insulate the
civil service from political influences and prevent the development of a patronage system.
The officers of the All India Services are recruited and
trained by the federal Union Government ("the Centre") and serve in the
various State
Governments ("the States") as well as Centre (which is why the Indian Revenue Service is a "central service"
instead of an All India Service as they work only in the Central Government).
Contents
- 1 Power, Purpose and Responsibilities
- 2 Allocation, division and cadres
- 3 All India Services
- 3.1 Indian Administrative Service (IAS)
- 3.2 Indian Forest Service (IFS)
- 3.3 Indian Police Service (IPS)
- 4 Reforms and Changes
- 5 Equivalent Ranks
- 6 References
The All India Services Act 1951 empowers the government of India
to make, after consultation with state governments, rules for the regulation of
recruitment and conditions of service of the persons appointed to an All India
Service. Nature of Work
Responsibilities vary with the seniority of the civil servant.
Junior officers begin with probation and move up in the hierarchy. At the
district level the responsibilities are concerned with district matters as well
as all developmental affairs while at the divisional level the responsibilities
focus on law and order also. Policy framing is carried on at the central level.
The officers of All India Services are organized into cadres,
derived from the states they are allotted to work in for as long as they
continue to be a member of the respective Service. Twenty-four states have
their own cadre, but there are also three joint cadres: Assam-Meghalaya, Manipur-Tripura, and Arunachal Pradesh-Goa-Mizoram-Union Territories (AGMUT).
There are State Cadres and the Officers of All India Services
(AIS) - Indian Administrative Service, Indian Police Service and Indian Forest
Service - are divided into State cadres. When on probation the All India
Service (AIS) Officers are allocated to their States. Officers of AIS working
with the Central Government are posted on deputation for some years. The AIS
officers in a State cadre may be original residents of that State but almost
2/3 of all officers are from out side the state. The AIS officer cannot demand
his home State cadre but may put in request for being considered for the home
cadre. Generally once allotted to a State, an officer for his whole service
stays with that State cadre.
All India Services are controlled by the Central Government.
Selected candidates are appointed to different state cadres and as and when
required they also move to Central Government jobs on deputation.
IAS Officers are trained to handle government affairs. This being
the main responsibility, every civil servant is assigned to a particular office
which deals with policy matters pertaining to that area. The policy matters are
framed, modified, interpreted in this office under the direct supervision of
the Administrative Officer in consultation with the Minister. The
implementation of policies is also done on the advice of the Officer. Cabinet
Secretary stands at the top of the government machinery involved in Policy
making followed by Secretary/Additional Secretary, Joint Secretary, Director,
Under Secretary and Junior Scale Officers in that order. These appointments are
filled by civil servants according to seniority in the Civil Services. In the
process of decision making, a number of officers give their views to the
Minister who weighs the matter and makes a decision considering the issue
involved.
The implementation process involves supervision and touring. The
allocation of enormous funds to and by the field officers calls for supervision
and the officials concerned have to reply to queries made in the Parliament for
which they must remain well informed.
The civil servant has also to represent the Government in another
country or in International forums. At the level of Deputy Secretary, he is
even authorized to sign agreements on behalf of the Government.
A civil servant begins his career in the state with 2 years in
probation. This period is spent at training schools, Secretariat, field offices
or in a District Magistrate’s office. He is given the position of
Sub-Magistrate and has to look after the law and order and general
administration including developmental work in the area under his charge. After
the probation and 2 years of services as a junior scale officer, the officer is
put in the senior scale. Then he may function as District Magistrate, Managing
Director of a Public Enterprise or Director of a Department. Senior Time Scale
comprises the Senior grade, Junior Administrative Grade and the Selection
Grade. Selection Grade is given on promotion after 13 years of regular service
and officers are then assigned as Secretaries/Special Secretaries to the State
Government. The next promotion within the State is that of a Commissioner &
Secretary. This promotion also entitles them to the Super Time Scale.Then after
25 years of regular service an IAS officer may be promoted to Above super time
scale who is designated as Principal Secretaries/Financial Commissioners in
some states
Each State has many Secretaries/Principal Secretaries and only one
Chief Secretary. Some appointments of Secretaries are considered more
prestigious than others, e.g., the Finance Secretary, Development
Commissioners, Home Secretary and hence they enjoy the salary of a Principal
Secretary. Chief Secretary in the State is the top ranking civil servant and
may be assisted by Additional Chief secretaries.In some cadres/States e.g. New
Delhi, Financial Commissioner and other high ranking secretaries enjoy the pay
of the Chief Secretary .
In the District, the Senior most person is the Collector or Deputy
Commissioner or District Magistrate. The DM/Collector/DC handle the affairs of
the District including development functions. He necessarily tours all rural
sectors inspecting specific projects, disputed sites and looks into the
problems of people on the spot also.
At the divisional level, the Divisional Commissioner is in charge
of his division. His role is to oversee law and order and general
administration and developmental work. Appeals against the Divisional
Commissioner are heard by the Chairman of the Board of Revenue.
Main article: Indian Forest Service
The Indian Forest Service was created in 1966 for protection,
conservation, and regeneration of forest resources.
India was one of the first countries in the world to introduce
scientific forest management. In 1864, the British Raj established the Imperial
Forest Department. In 1866 Dr. Dietrich Brandis, a German forest officer, was
appointed Inspector General of Forests. The Imperial Forestry Service was
organized subordinate to the Imperial Forest Department in 1867. The British
colonial government also constituted provincial forest services and executive
and subordinate services similar to the forest administrative hierarchy used
today.
Officers appointed from 1867 to 1885 were trained in Germany and
France, and from 1885 to 1905 at Cooper's Hill, London, a noted professional
colleges of forestry. From 1905 to 1926, the University of Oxford, University
of Cambridge, and University of Edinburgh had undertaken the task of training
Imperial Forestry Service officers.
From 1927 to 1932, forest officers were trained at the Imperial
Forest Research Institute (FRI) at Dehradun, which had been established in
1906. The Indian Forest College (IFC) was established in the 1938 at Dehradun,
and officers recruited to the Superior Forest Service by the states and
provinces were trained there. Forestry, which was managed by the federal
government until then, was transferred to the "provincial list" by
the Government of India Act 1935, and recruitment to the Imperial Forestry
Service was subsequently discontinued.
The modern Indian Forest Service was established in 1966, after
independence, under the All India Services Act 1951. The first Inspector
General of Forests, Hari Singh, was instrumental in the development of the IFS.
India has an area of 635,400 km designated as forests, about
19.32 percent of the country. India's forest policy was created in 1894 and
revised in 1952 and again in 1988.
Ranks of the Indian Forest Service are as follows: Probationary
Officer / Assistant Conservator of Forests, Deputy Conservator of Forests,
Conservator of Forests (CFs), Chief Conservator of Forests (CCFs) Additional
Principal Chief Conservator of Forests (Addl.PCCFs), Principal Chief
Conservator of Forests (PCCF) - highest post in a State, Director General of
Forests - highest post at Centre, selected from amongst the senior-most PCCFs
of states.
Main article: Indian Police Service
The Indian Police Service
The Indian
Police Service more popularly known as
the IPS, is responsible for internal security, public safety and
law and order. In 1948, a year after India gainedindependence from Britain, the Imperial Police (IP) was replaced by the Indian
Police Service. The IPS is not a law enforcement agency in its own right;
rather it is the body to which all senior police officers belong regardless of
the agency for whom they work.
The IPS officer takes charge as an Assistant
Superintendent of Police of a Sub-division
after probation of 2 years. The tenure of this post is normally 2 years. The
next appointment is as Additional
Superintendent of Police and then as Superintendent of
Police or Deputy
Commissioner of Police and then as Deputy
Inspector General of Policeor Additional
Commissioner of Police, Inspector General of
Police and finally, Director General of Police.
IPS officers also work in the national government agencies
such as Intelligence
Bureau, Research and
Analysis Wing, Central
Bureau of Investigation, etc. IPS officers also
get highly placed in the Central Secretariat or the other protective forces
such as Director
General of Border Security Force, the Central
Reserve Police Force and the Central
Industrial Security Force, etc.
The Director General
of Police and Commissioner of
Police is the head of the entire police
force of the State or Metropolitan City (e.g. Kolkata, Delhi, Mumbai, Madras etc.)
and below him is the Additional DGP/Special Police Commissioner. The Inspector General or Joint
Commissioner of Police is at the head of
certain specialised police force likeCriminal
Investigation Department, Special Branch, etc.
In January 2012, the Government amended AIS Rule 16 (3)
which permits the Central Government in consultation with the State Government
to retire in Public Interest, incompetent and non-performing Officers after a
review on their completion of 15 years or 25 years of qualifying service or
attaining the age of 50.[2][3][4][5]
|
S No
|
Indian Police Service
|
Indian Forest Service
|
Indian Administrative Service
|
|
1
|
Assistant Superintendent of Police
|
Assistant Conservator of Forests
|
Section Officer to Government of India/SDO
(States)
|
|
2
|
Superintendent of Police
|
Deputy Conservator of Forests
|
Under Secretary to Government of India/Deputy
Commissioner/Directors (states)
|
|
3
|
Senior Superintendent of Police
|
Deputy Conservator of Forests
|
Deputy Secretary to Government of India
/additional Secretary/DC(States)
|
|
4
|
Deputy Inspector General of Police
|
Conservator of Forests
|
Director to Government of India/Secretary/Spl.
Secretary to state Govt
|
|
5
|
Inspector General of Police
|
Chief Conservator of Forests
|
Joint Secretary to Government of
India/Commissioner & Secretary
|
|
6
|
Additional Director General of Police
|
Additional Principal Chief Conservator of Forests
|
N/A
|
|
7
|
Director Generals of Police
|
Principal Chief Conservator of Forests
|
Additional Secretary to Government of
India/Principal Secretary
|
|
8
|
Director of Intelligence Bureau
|
Director General of Forests
|
Secretary to Government of India/Chief Secretary
of State
|
No comments:
Post a Comment